The battery capability goes down with energy use and back up with energy regeneration/recovery through braking.
Energy is measured in joules
Power is a rate of flow measured in Watts, 1 watt = 1 joule/second
(1kw = 1000w, 1kj = 1000j)
Capacity is useful when using time instead of maths with joules - so Kilowatt hours. As in, that battery will offer *kw for 1 hour at *kwh.
This battery:
3.9kwh rated capacity
3900wh
3900j/s for an hour
234,000j/s for a minute
14,040,000j/s for a second
14,040kj energy when full or at capacity
FIA rule of Launch Boost limit of 1000kj is known
100KW rated max power consumption of the propulsion motor
100kj/s
1000kj / 100kj/s = max 10 seconds (as seen noted in various places)
1000kj = max 7.1% battery capacity used at launch
It's part of the fun. No juice, no boost. Have you got a source for that 80%? Has anybody seen the start line state of charge supposedly in the manufacturer's user guide?
There are limits set for each stage by the FIA for how much energy can be used in one boost before having to regen, the regen is also a minimum FIA set limit to recover. We don't know what they are yet to have a meaningful answer.
No. Energy will be recovered through braking. Have a mooch at this video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yhGDYDkrb8M. The torque maps and how the electric motor integrates with the engine is beyond me.