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But in the four days since, the tide of opinion in eastern cities appears to be turning back towards Kiev.
Bearing placards with slogans such as: "I am Russian. I don't need protection," the protesters
marched near the occupied regional government building, staying far enough away to avoid clashing
with the pro-Russian youths still inside.
"My parents are from Russia. I was born in Ukraine, but I am Russian. My children and grandchildren
were born here. We are for Ukraine," said Natalia Sytnik, who turned out to protest against the prospect
of a Russian invasion.
"We did not ask for help. I don't want him, Putin, to bring tanks here. I don't want them to shoot
at my kids. Let him hear us: 'Do not defend me from anyone. No one is attacking me'."
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Kiev says the protests - which erupted simultaneously in Kharkiv, Odessa, Dnipropetrovsk and
several other cities hours before Russia's parliament voted to grant Putin authority for armed force -
were organized by Moscow as a pretext to invade. It says most of the pro-Russian demonstrators were
Russians brought across the border in busloads.
It is certainly clear that many of Gubarev's followers are not from Donetsk, where locals speak Russian
with an easily recognizable accent. One, who said he was a miner from a nearby village, was unable to
name either the village or a single mine in a region known across the ex-Soviet Union for its coal.