In the book I have about suspension etc, there's a summary what cause different behaviours of a car.
Some of the below are obvious and others apply better to a formula racer but I listed all of them.
Understeer:
Rear anti-roll-bar too soft.
Front anti-roll-bar too stiff.
Toe-in too big.
Wrong camber angle (usually too positive at the front and too negative at the rear.
Front tyre pressure too low.
Rear tyre pressure too high.
Too soft tyre compound at the rear.
Too hard tyre compound at the front.
Too little down force at the front.
Too much downforce at the rear.
Too much weight at the front.
Here is an web site about AWD / 4WD systems and different makes AWD / 4WD systems.